Global Patterns of Antimicrobial Resistance Across Major Bacterial Pathogens
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53555/b.v1i2.2602Keywords:
Antimicrobial resistance, Bacterial pathogens, Global surveillance, Antibiotic stewardship, Public healthAbstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a major global public health concern, threatening the effective prevention and treatment of bacterial infections. This study investigated global patterns of antimicrobial resistance across major bacterial pathogens using multicountry surveillance data collected between 2018 and 2023. A quantitative secondary data analysis was conducted using publicly available datasets comprising 138 resistance observations from 20 countries representing six World Health Organization regions. Descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal–Wallis testing, linear trend analysis, and correlation analyses were performed to evaluate pathogen-specific, regional, and country-level resistance patterns and their association with selected healthcare indicators. The findings revealed significant variation in antimicrobial resistance among bacterial pathogens, with Acinetobacter spp. exhibiting the highest pooled resistance, while Escherichia coli accounted for the greatest number of resistant isolates. Increasing resistance trends were observed across most WHO regions, whereas stronger healthcare systems and higher surveillance quality were generally associated with lower resistance levels. These findings highlight the importance of continuous global surveillance, strengthened antimicrobial stewardship, improved diagnostic capacity, and coordinated public health strategies to mitigate the growing burden of antimicrobial resistance and preserve the effectiveness of existing antimicrobial agents.
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